Daniel Kahneman
Daniel Kahneman (1934–2024) was an Israeli-born psychologist, described as "one of the world's most influential living psychologists until his passing in 2024,"[^c5] who transformed the understanding of human judgment and decision-making[^c1]. With [[amos-tversky|Amos Tversky]], he developed [[prospect-theory]] and the [[heuristics-and-biases]] program, work that "launched the field of behavioural economics and sent ripples through all social sciences."[^c2] He authored the international bestseller [[thinking-fast-and-slow|Thinking, Fast and Slow]] (2011), which introduced the [[dual-process-theory|System 1 and System 2 framework]] to a global audience. His research on [[heuristics-and-biases]] and [[loss-aversion|loss aversion]], his collaboration with Tversky at the birthplace of [[behavioral-economics]], and his Nobel Prize are detailed in [[people/daniel-kahneman|his full biography]].
Kahneman's framework continues to generate new research across disciplines. In the 2020s, his dual-process theory has been extended to account for artificial cognition through [[tri-system-theory]] and the related concept of [[cognitive-surrender|cognitive surrender]], while his prospect theory has been applied to new domains including machine learning algorithms, bargaining game theory, and combinatorial risk decision-making. Major technology companies including Netflix have built production AI systems explicitly modeled on his fast-slow architecture.[^c9] Concurrently, new research in cognitive science has reappraised the relationship between intuition and deliberation, finding that well-structured intuition often produces correct answers without requiring effortful override,[^c8] while a psychoanalytic critique has argued that Kahneman's model neglects unconscious dynamics in favor of a purely cognitive account.[^c10] These developments, along with ongoing debates about the universality of loss aversion and the limits of behavioral economics, ensure that Kahneman's ideas remain at the center of the study of judgment and decision-making.